Annex 3. Standardisation
Adoption of standards could significantly streamline data sharing in the CCAM research domains by reducing the complexity of documenting metadata. However, it remains uncertain which specific standards will become widely adopted. There are standards directly or in-directly within CCAM, e.g., traffic information (DATEX II) and C-ITS (IEEE 802.11p, IEEE 802.11bd, ETSI ITS G5).
Large European CCAM project L3Pilot published its log file format as open source (https://www.connectedautomateddriving.eu/data-sharing/l3pilot-common-data-format/) and it has since been utilized, and further developed, by the follow-up project Hi-Drive. Similar project-level definitions have become common for effectively sharing and working with data.
ASAM
This section provides information about standards related to data formats defined in OpenX standards of the ASAM e. V. (Association for Standardization of Automation and Measuring Systems). The family of OpenX standards (simulation branch) within ASAM is devised to cover most of the domains involved in testing and evaluation of ADAS and ADAS, spanning through the entire value chain: sensor data, labelling, scenario generation, high-definition maps, simulation interfaces, etc.
The following table summarizes the scope of each standard project within the simulation branch of ASAM.
Table: ASAM simulation branch
| Format | Description |
| ASAM OpenScenario 1.1 | Definition of concrete scenarios in XML format |
| ASAM OpenScenario 2.0 | Extension of definition of scenarios using DSL (Domain Specific Language) and extending description to abstract and concrete levels |
| ASAM OpenDrive 1.6 | Definition of high-definition maps (lane-level roads) |
| ASAM OpenCRG 1.2 | Definition of a file format for the description of road surfaces |
| ASAM OSI | OSI (Open Simulation Interface) is a specification for interfaces between models and components of a distributed simulation |
| ASAM OpenLABEL 1.0 | Definition of object-level and scenario-level labelling approach and data format |
| ASAM OpenXOntology 1.0 | Common semantic base for all OpenX standards, materialized as a set of ontologies |
| ASAM OpenODD 1.0 | Definition of a data format that can represent an abstract ODD for a vehicle |
| ASAM Test Specification Study group | Definition of interaction between scenario definition and test execution |
Other related standards from ASAM can also be considered relevant for the scope of testing and validation, depending on the function under test.
Table: ASAM formats for testing and validation
| Format | Description |
| ASAM MDF | Measurement Data Format, for the specification of data format as container for sensor data |
| ASAM XIL API | Specification of interfacing for XiL (X-in-the-loop) frameworks |
| ASAM ATX | Automotive Test Exchange Format for the specification of standardised XML format to enable exchange of test data between systems |
| ASAM ODS | Open Data Services for the specification of mechanisms for persistent storage and retrieval of testing data |
ASAM actively aligns internal standard development projects with other standardisation bodies and initiatives, aiming to foster common understanding of gaps, needs and interoperability issues. The following figure summarizes the domains where alignments of the OpenX standards with other standards have been identified.
Figure: ASAM standards and their relation to other international standards.
In addition, the OpenX standards can be allocated in the context of the essential components of a simulation environment (see next figure) which are needed to cover the major requirements for the various tasks that result from the activities of a DevOps cycle (e.g., Plan, construct, build, test, release, deploy, operate, monitor).
Figure: Reference architecture of simulation environments.
ASAM Open Source Tooling Platform (aka asam-oss, https://github.com/asam-oss) is an open source initiative started from ASAM and encouraged by industrial members to create tools to support the implementation, training and use of the ASAM OpenX standards. In that sense, the asam-oss has been implemented to host and share ASAM compatible tooling.